Unwritten Law

The Supreme Court has allowed construction of the new White House ballroom to continue—but the Court's 5–4 decision turned largely on a threshold question: Who actually has standing to challenge it?
On this episode of Unwritten Law, NCLA Senior Litigation Counsel John Vecchione is joined by NCLA Staff Attorney Andreia Trifoi to break down National Park Service v. National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States.
The National Trust sued over the demolition and replacement of the White House East Wing. A lower court blocked above-ground construction, but the Supreme Court has now stayed that injunction, concluding that the Trust is likely to lack Article III standing. Its theory rested on a member who argued that the new ballroom would injure her aesthetic, cultural, and historical interests when she viewed the White House.
John and Andreia discuss why the Court rejected that theory, how the decision fits with decades of environmental standing cases, and the unusual 5–4 split—with Chief Justice Roberts joining Justices Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson in dissent.
They also tackle the question lurking beneath the standing fight: If Congress—not a preservation group—has the strongest claim to challenge the project, why hasn't Congress acted?

Can the SEC force someone to give up money when it cannot identify a single harmed investor?
NCLA is asking the Supreme Court to take Spartan Securities Group v. SEC, a case that has been winding through the courts for years and now presents two significant questions about the reach of federal securities law.
NCLA President and Chief Legal Officer Mark Chenoweth and Senior Litigation Counsel John Vecchione are joined by Senior Litigation Counsel Kara McKenna Rollins, who has worked on the case since 2019.
After a 14-count SEC complaint, NCLA’s clients were found not liable on 13 counts. The remaining dispute has now reached the Supreme Court, where NCLA is challenging both the scope of securities-fraud liability and the SEC’s use of disgorgement.
First, NCLA argues that statements made privately to FINRA and the Depository Trust Company cannot be treated as statements made “in connection with” the purchase or sale of securities when there is no evidence any investor ever saw or heard them. Second, NCLA argues that traditional equitable principles do not allow the SEC to obtain disgorgement when there are no harmed investors and the money instead goes to the U.S. Treasury.
Mark, John, and Kara explain why the case could give the Supreme Court an opportunity to clarify important limits on SEC enforcement—and resolve a question that has been developing in the lower courts for nearly a decade.

For roughly 60 years, the Department of Labor’s Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs enforced a sweeping regulatory regime governing federal contractors—one rooted largely in presidential executive orders rather than laws passed by Congress.
Now, the Department of Labor has acknowledged that much of that regime lacked statutory authority.
In this episode of Unwritten Law, NCLA President and Chief Legal Officer Mark Chenoweth and Senior Litigation Counsel John Vecchione are joined by Senior Litigation Counsel Kara Rollins to discuss a major change at OFCCP and NCLA’s role in bringing it about.
Kara explains how OFCCP’s regulatory system developed from Executive Order 11246 and expanded over decades, imposing requirements on companies that do business with the federal government. NCLA has argued that executive orders cannot substitute for congressional authorization when the government imposes binding legal obligations.
After Executive Order 11246 was revoked, the Department of Labor reconsidered its implementing regulations. NCLA submitted comments urging the Department not merely to rescind the regulations, but to acknowledge that much of the regime lacked statutory authority in the first place. The Department’s final action embraces that central argument while preserving OFCCP’s enforcement of requirements that do have statutory foundations, including protections concerning veterans and individuals with disabilities.
Mark, John, and Kara discuss what this means for federal contractors, why Congress—not the executive branch—must make the law, and how participating in the public-comment process can actually influence federal policy.
As Mark puts it, this 60-year regulatory regime is “Exhibit A” for Unwritten Law.

In this episode of Unwritten Law, NCLA Senior Litigation Counsel John Vecchione is joined by NCLA General Counsel Zhonette Brown to discuss Franey v. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, NCLA’s challenge to Washington State’s warrantless surveillance of commercial crabbers.
Washington requires commercial crabbers to install government-mandated tracking equipment on their boats. Once crab pots are placed in the water, the government tracks the vessel continuously—every minute—even when the crabbers are back at port or using their boats for activities completely unrelated to fishing. The resulting location information is stored in a government database.
John and Zhonette explain why NCLA argues this surveillance violates the Fourth Amendment and Washington State Constitution’s protections against unreasonable searches. They also discuss NCLA’s takings claims, the state’s requirement that crabbers place tracking equipment on their private property, and why the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife lacks statutory authority to impose the mandate.
The episode also examines the broader implications of cheap, persistent electronic surveillance. As technology makes it easier for government to track people continuously and store that information indefinitely, John and Zhonette discuss why constitutional protections for privacy become more—not less—important.
NCLA has moved for summary judgment and is seeking to stop Washington from enforcing the tracking requirement against its clients.

In this episode of Unwritten Law, NCLA President and Chief Legal Officer Mark Chenoweth and Senior Litigation Counsel John Vecchione discuss the D.C. Circuit’s recent decision in Heroes Technology v. Consumer Product Safety Commission.
NCLA challenged a CPSC safety rule affecting infant support cushions. Congress created a streamlined rulemaking process for a limited category of “durable infant or toddler products,” including products such as cribs, playpens, and high chairs. But CPSC used that shortcut to regulate infant support cushions—and potentially thousands of other products that NCLA argues fall well outside the category Congress had in mind.
Mark, who served as a CPSC commissioner shortly after Congress created this expedited process, explains why he believes the agency has stretched the law far beyond its original purpose. He and John discuss the D.C. Circuit’s decision upholding the rule, what counts as a “durable” infant product, and why allowing regulators to bypass the normal rulemaking process can have consequences not only for the rule of law, but for consumer safety itself.
The conversation also explores regulatory creep, statutory interpretation, and an important lesson for Congress: when lawmakers leave statutory lists open-ended, agencies may find ways to expand exceptions far beyond their intended scope.